Evaluación de la capacidad de degradación de nailon 6 por Mucor sp., con miras a una propuesta de un biorreactor para la implementación de la biodegradación a escala laboratorio
| dc.contributor.advisor | Zorro Mateus, Patricia Joyce Pamela | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Jiménez Rojas, Mayerlenis | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chaparro Giraldo, Laura Beatriz | |
| dc.coverage.spatial | Barranquilla | spa |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-02-07T20:09:14Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-02-07T20:09:14Z | |
| dc.date.created | 2025-02 | |
| dc.description.abstract | El nailon 6 es un material resistente, elástico y maleable, sin embargo, su alta resistencia a factores físicos, ambientales y biológicos dificulta su degradación, lo que genera su acumulación en el ambiente. Los métodos actuales de disposición, como vertederos e incineración, causan un impacto socioambiental negativo. Por ello, la biodegradación mediante hongos se presenta como una alternativa sostenible. Esta investigación evaluó la capacidad de Mucor sp. para degradar el nailon 6 y conocer su viabilidad de escalamiento futuro. Se evaluaron variables fisicoquímicas de degradación, así como su descomposición mediante métodos gravimétricos (pérdida de peso), químicos (FTIR y CT), físicos (cambio de color) y biológicos (curva de crecimiento, formación de biopelículas y producción de enzimas peroxidasas). Se determinó que las mejores condiciones para la biodegradación fueron temperatura de 28°C, pH de 5 o 6, y agitación. La adición de manganeso no mostró efectos significativos. La degradación ocurrió principalmente en la ruptura de los enlaces carbono, aumentando su detección en el medio y cambios en la transmitancia y longitud de onda de sus grupos funcionales C-C, C-H y C-N; reflejándose, en parte, en un cambio de color. El hongo presentó un crecimiento diaúxico y a mayor escala al utilizar el nailon; además, las biopelículas se relacionaron con una mayor pérdida de peso del polímero. No se detectó producción de enzimas peroxidasas en la degradación. La pérdida máxima de peso fue del 7,0% en un mes con agitación y del 5,4% en tres meses sin agitación. Para escalar el proceso, se propone el biorreactor airlift con circulación y bucle interno, adecuado para ensayos celulares y con buena transferencia volumétrica. Mucor sp., utiliza el nailon 6 como fuente de carbono o nitrógeno causando parte de su degradación, por lo que podría considerarse para futuros desarrollos en materia de biotratamiento de sus residuos. | spa |
| dc.description.abstractenglish | Nylon 6 is a durable, elastic, and flexible material; however, its high resistance to physical, environmental, and biological factors makes its degradation difficult, leading to its accumulation in the environment. Current disposal methods, such as landfills and incineration, have a negative socio-environmental impact. Therefore, biodegradation using fungi presents a sustainable alternative. This research evaluated the ability of Mucor sp., to degrade nylon 6 and assess its future scalability. Physicochemical degradation variables were analyzed, as well as its decomposition through gravimetric methods (weight loss), chemical methods (FTIR and TC), physical methods (color change), and biological methods (growth curve, biofilm formation, and peroxidase enzyme production). It was determined that the optimal conditions for biodegradation were a temperature of 28°C, pH of 5 or 6, and agitation. The addition of manganese showed no significant effects. Degradation occurred primarily through the rupture of carbon bonds, increasing its detection in the medium and causing changes in the transmittance and wavelength of its C-C, C-H, and C-N functional groups, partly reflected in a color change. The fungus showed diauxic growth and increased scale by utilizing nylon, with biofilm formation being related to greater polymer weight loss. No peroxidase enzyme production was detected in the degradation process. The maximum weight loss was 7.0% in one month with agitation and 5.4% in three months without agitation. For process scaling, an airlift bioreactor with circulation and an internal loop is proposed, suitable for cell assays and efficient volumetric transfer. Mucor sp., uses nylon 6 as a source of carbon or nitrogen, contributing to its degradation, making it a potential candidate for future developments in biotreatment of nylon waste. | spa |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla -- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Exactas y Naturales -- Maestría en Biotecnología | spa |
| dc.format | spa | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10901/30596 | |
| dc.relation.references | Aboulkas, A., El Harfi, K., y El Bouadili, A. 2010. "Thermal Degradation Behaviors of Polyethylene y Polypropylene. Part I: Pyrolysis Kinetics y Mechanisms". En: Energy Conversion y Management 51 (7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2009.12.017 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Achury, Nixon. 2020. Expresión de Manganeso Peroxidasa en Pichia Pastoris X-33 Bajo el Control del Promotor Constitutivo GAP. Bogotá: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Acoplásticos. 2023. Plásticos en Colombia. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Ahmad, Farah B., Zhang, Zhanying, Doherty, William O.S., Te’o, Valentino S.J., y O’Hara, Ian M. 2017. "Improved Microbial Oil Production from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch by Mucor Plumbeus". En: Fuel 194 (abril): 180–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.01.013 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Ajibade, Fidelis O., Adelodun, Bashir, Lasisi, Kayode H., Fadare, Oluniyi O., Ajibade, Temitope F., Nwogwu, Nathaniel A., Sulaymon, Ishaq D., Ugya, Adamu Y., Wang, Hong Cheng, y Wang, Aijie. 2021. "Environmental Pollution y Their Socioeconomic Impacts". En: Microbe Mediated Remediation of Environmental Contaminants, 321–54. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128211991000250 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Almeida, Blanca. 2018. Efecto Citotóxico y Genotóxico del Glifosato en Formulación Roundup sobre Linfocitos Humanos. Colombia. https://repository.unad.edu.co/bitstream/hyle/10596/20830/68248889.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Amobonye, Ayodeji, Bhagwat, Prashant, Singh, Suren, y Pillai, Santhosh. 2021. "Plastic Biodegradation: Frontline Microbes y Their Enzymes". En: Science of the Total Environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143536 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Araújo, Rita, Silva, Carla, O’Neill, Alexyre, Micaelo, Nuno, Guebitz, Georg, Soares, Cláudio M., Casal, Margarida, y Cavaco-Paulo, Artur. 2007. "Tailoring Cutinase Activity towards Polyethylene Terephthalate y Polyamide 6,6 Fibers". En: Journal of Biotechnology 128 (4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.12.028 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Aroniada, Magdalini, Maina, Sofia, Koutinas, Apostolis, y Kookos, Ioannis K. 2020. "Estimation of Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient (KLa)—Review of Classical Approaches y Contribution of a Novel Methodology". En: Biochemical Engineering Journal 155: 107458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2019.107458 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Asadollahzadeh, Mohammadtaghi, Ghasemian, Ali, Saraeia, Ahmadreza, Resalati, Hossein, y Taherzadeh, Mohammad J. 2018. "Production of Fungal Biomass Protein by Filamentous Fungi Cultivation on Liquid Waste Streams from Pulping Process". En: BioResources 13 (3): 5013–31. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.13.3.5013-5031 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Asemoloye, Michael Dare, Tosi, Solveig, Daccò, Chiara, Wang, Xiao, Xu, Shihan, Marchisio, Mario Yrea, Gao, Wenyuan, Jonathan, Segun Gbolagade, y Pecoraro, Lorenzo. 2020. "Hydrocarbon Degradation y Enzyme Activities of Aspergillus Oryzae y Mucor Irregularis Isolated from Nigerian Crude Oil-Polluted Sites". En: Microorganisms 8 (12): 1912. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121912 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Ashter, Syed Ali. 2016. "Mechanisms of Polymer Degradation". En: Introduction to Bioplastics Engineering, 31–59. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780323393966000038 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Azin, Ehsan, Jenab, Kian, y Moghimi, Hamid. 2020. "Biodegradation of Crude Oil by a Halotolerant y Biosurfactant Producing Strain of Mucor Circinelloides in Different Microcosm Conditions". En: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, octubre. https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2020.1828385 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Bai, Cui-Lan, Liu, Liang-Ying, Hu, Yi-Bin, Zeng, Eddy Y., y Guo, Ying. 2022. "Microplastics: A Review of Analytical Methods, Occurrence y Characteristics in Food, y Potential Toxicities to Biota". En: Science of The Total Environment 806 (febrero): 150263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150263 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Balsanoa, Evelyn, Esterhuizen-Londta, Marya, Hoquec, Enamul, y Pflugmacher, Stephan. 2016. "Fungal Pellets as Potential Tools to Control Water Pollution: Strategic Approach for the Pelletization y Subsequent Microcystin-LR Uptake by Mucor Hiemalis". En: Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.7324/JABB.2016.40403 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Bankole, Paul Olusegun, Semple, Kirk Taylor, Jeon, Byong-Hun, y Govindwar, Sanjay Prabhu. 2021. "Biodegradation of Fluorene by the Newly Isolated Marine-Derived Fungus, Mucor Irregularis Strain Bpo1 Using Response Surface Methodology". En: Ecotoxicology y Environmental Safety 208 (enero). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111619 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Bonugli-Santos, Rafaella Costa, Durrant, Lucia Regina, Silva, Manuela da, y Sette, Lara Durães. 2010. "Production of Laccase, Manganese Peroxidase y Lignin Peroxidase by Brazilian Marine-Derived Fungi". En: Enzyme y Microbial Technology 46 (1): 32–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2009.07.014 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Borràs, Eduard, Blánquez, Paqui, Sarrà, Montserrat, Caminal, Glòria, y Vicent, Teresa. 2008. "Trametes Versicolor Pellets Production: Low-Cost Medium y Scale-Up". En: Biochemical Engineering Journal 42 (1): 61–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2008.05.014 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Botha, A., y Botes, A. 2014. "Mucor". En: Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology, 834–40. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780123847300002287 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Botha, A., y Du Preez, J. C. 1999. "MUCOR". En: Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology, 1493–1500. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B0122270703011156 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Bustillo, Alex. 2010. Método Para Cuantificar Suspensiones de Esporas de Hongos y Otros Organismos. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Cabrera, Luis. 2015. Técnicas Biológicas para la Degradación de Contaminantes. Quito: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Cameron, R. E., y Kamvari-Moghaddam, A. 2012. "Synthetic Bioresorbable Polymers". En: Durability y Reliability of Medical Polymers, 96–118. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9781845699291500052 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Carpenter, Edward J., y Smith, K. L. 1972. "Plastics on the Sargasso Sea Surface". En: Science 175 (4027). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.175.4027.1240 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Carrillo, Jhon. 2019. Potencial Ligninolítico de Macromicetos Presentes en un Bosque Alto Yino en Tabio, Cundinamarca. Bogotá: Universidad de la Salle. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Castrillón-Rivera, L., Palma-Ramos, A., y Padilla-Desgarennes, M. 2013. "Biopelículas Fúngicas". En: Dermatología Revista Mexicana 57 (5): 350–61. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Centeno, Diana. 2017. Semi-Purificación y Caracterización Parcial de la Peroxidasa de Pasto Guinea (Panicum Maximum). Santyer: Universidad Industrial de Santyer | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Cepero, Maria, Restrepo, Silvia, Franco, Ana, Cárdenas, Martha, y Vargas, Natalia. 2012. Biología de los Hongos. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Chamas, Ali, Moon, Hyunjin, Zheng, Jiajia, Qiu, Yang, Tabassum, Tarnuma, Jang, Jun Hee, Abu-Omar, Mahdi, Scott, Susannah L., y Suh, Sangwon. 2020. "Degradation Rates of Plastics in the Environment". En: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8 (9): 3494–3511. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b0663 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Chaparro, Aura. 2010. Aislamiento e Identificación de Metabolitos Producidos por la Cepa Nativa SPG 321 de Mucor Circinelloides y Evaluación de su Actividad Antimicrobiana. Bogotá D.C. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Chaparro, Laura, Zorro, Pamela, y Campo, Syra. 2019. "Estudio Preliminar de la Actividad Degradadora de Hidrocarburos en Hongos Aislados de Petróleo Crudo Adsorbido en Fibras". En: Avances y Perspectivas de la Ingeniería 4.0, Primera, 75–95. Pereira | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Chaudhary, Ashutosh Kr, y Vijayakumar, R. P. 2020. "Studies on Biological Degradation of Polystyrene by Pure Fungal Cultures". En: Environment, Development y Sustainability 22 (5). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-019-00394-5 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Chikere, C., y Azubuike, C. 2014. "Culture-Dependent Characterization of Microbes in Biofilms from Selected Microhabitats in Rivers State, Nigeria". En: African Journal of Microbiology Research 8 (18): 1922–30. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR2014.6663 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Chisti, Yusuf, y Moo-Young, Murray. 2003. "Bioreactors". En: Encyclopedia of Physical Science y Technology, 247–71. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B0122274105000673 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Chyra, Ram. 2016. Environmental Waste Management. 0 ed. CRC Press. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781498724753 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Chonde, Sonal, Chonde, Sachin, Bhosale, P., Nakade, D., y Raut, P. 2012. "Studies on Degradation of Synthetic Polymer Nylon 6 by Fungus Trametes Versicolor NCIM 1086". En: International Journal of Environmental Sciences 2 (4). | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Chu, Dominique, y Barnes, David J. 2016. "The Lag-Phase during Diauxic Growth is a Trade-off between Fast Adaptation y High Growth Rate". En: Scientific Reports 6 (1): 25191. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25191 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Corporación Corpogen. 2019. “Identificación Molecular de Hongos. Informe de Resultados”. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Cortés, Félix, Rubio, Diego, y Gómez, Édisson. 2013. "Análisis Comparativo de Modelos Hidrodinámicos y Cinéticos para Fotobiorreactores Airlift". ITECKNE 10 (1): 57–66. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Cox, P. W., y Thomas, C. R. 1992. "Classification y Measurement of Fungal Pellets by Automated Image Analysis". En: Biotechnology y Bioengineering 39 (9): 945–52. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260390909 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Crawford, Christopher Blair, y Quinn, Brian. 2017. "Physicochemical Properties y Degradation". En: Microplastic Pollutants, 57–100. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128094068000049 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Cruz, K., Aguilar, C., Ilyina, A., Rodríguez, R., y Martínez, J. 2014. "Surface Adhesion Fermentation for Lipase Production by Mucor Griseocyanus". En: Micología Aplicada International 26 (1): 9–16. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Danso, Dominik, Chow, Jennifer, y Streit, Wolfgang R. 2019. "Plastics: Environmental y Biotechnological Perspectives on Microbial Degradation". En: Applied y Environmental Microbiology 85 (19). https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01095-19 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Deguchi, T., Kakezawa, M., y Nishida, T. 1997. "Nylon Biodegradation by Lignin-Degrading Fungi". En: Applied y Environmental Microbiology 63 (1). https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.63.1.329-331.1997 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Deguchi, T., Kitaoka, Y., Kakezawa, M., y Nishida, T. 1998. "Purification y Characterization of a Nylon-Degrading Enzyme". En: Applied y Environmental Microbiology 64 (4). https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.64.4.1366-1371.1998 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Djelal, Hayet, y Amrane, Abdeltif. 2013. "Biodegradation by Bioaugmentation of Dairy Wastewater by Fungal Consortium on a Bioreactor Lab-Scale y on a Pilot-Scale". En: Journal of Environmental Sciences 25 (9): 1906–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(12)60239-3 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Doncel Núñez, Jennifer L., y Moreno Saboyá, Heidy L. 2020. "Evaluación de la Influencia de la Agitación para la Producción de Biomasa Microalgal en un Fotobiorreactor Panel Plano a Escala Laboratorio". En: Revista Mutis 10 (1): 46–56. https://doi.org/10.21789/22561498.1606 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | El-Gendi, Hamada, Saleh, Ahmed K., Badierah, Raied, Redwan, Elrashdy M., El-Maradny, Yousra A., y El-Fakharany, Esmail M. 2021. "A Comprehensive Insight into Fungal Enzymes: Structure, Classification y Their Role in Mankind’s Challenges". En: Journal of Fungi 8 (1): 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8010023 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | El-Shafei, Hanaa A., Abd El-Nasser, Nadia H., Kansoh, Amany L., y Ali, Amal M. 1998. "Biodegradation of Disposable Polyethylene by Fungi y Streptomyces Species". En: Polymer Degradation y Stability 62 (2). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(98)00019-6 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Erickson, L. E. 2011. "Bioreactors for Commodity Products". En: Comprehensive Biotechnology, 653–58. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-088504-9.00236-1 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Expert Market Research. 2022. Market Report: Historical y Forecast Market Analysis | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Frankly, Percy, y Frankly, MP. 1894. Micro-Organisms in Water: Their Significance, Identification y Removal. Longmans, Green. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Friedrich, Jožefa, Zalar, Polona, Mohorčič, Martina, Klun, Urša, y Kržan, Yrej. 2007. "Ability of Fungi to Degrade Synthetic Polymer Nylon-6". En: Chemosphere 67 (10). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.09.038 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Friedrich, K. 2018. "Polymer Composites for Tribological Applications". En: Advanced Industrial y Engineering Polymer Research 1 (1): 3–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aiepr.2018.05.001 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Fujisawa, Mikihito, Hirai, Hirofumi, y Nishida, Tomoaki. 2001. "Degradation of Polyethylene y Nylon-66 by the Laccase-Mediator System". En: Journal of Polymers y the Environment 9 (3). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020472426516 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Fundación Heinrich Böll y Break Free From Plastic. 2020. Atlas del Plástico. Editado por Kai Schächtele. 1ª ed. México: Fundación Heinrich Böll Ciudad de México. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Ganesh, K., Anjana, K., Hinduja, M., Sujitha, K., y Dharani, G. 2020. "Review on Plastic Wastes in Marine Environment – Biodegradation y Biotechnological Solutions". En: Marine Pollution Bulletin 150 (enero): 110733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110733 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | García-Reyes, M., Beltrán-Hernández, R., Vázquez-Rodríguez, G., Coronel-Olivares, C., Medina-Moreno, S., Juárez-Santillán, L., y Lucho-Constantino, C. 2017. "Formación, Morfología y Aplicaciones Biotecnológicas de los Pellets Filamentosos para Hongos: Una Revisión". En: Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química 16 (3): 703–30. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Gatz-Schrupp, Jocelyn, Deckard, Peter, Hufford, Benjamin, Ly, Steven, Tupa, Peter, y Masuda, Hisako. 2020. "Isolation y Genomic Analysis of 11-Aminoundecanoic Acid-Degrading Bacterium Pseudomonas Sp. JG-B from Nylon 11 Enrichment Culture". En: Journal of Genomics 8. https://doi.org/10.7150/jgen.42095 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Geyer, Roly, Jambeck, Jenna R., y Lavender Law, Kara. 2017. "Production, Use, y Fate of All Plastics Ever Made". En: Science Advances 3 (7). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700782 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Glaser, John. 2019. "Biological Degradation of Polymers in the Environment". En: Plastics in the Environment, editado por Alessio Gomiero. IntechOpen. https://www.intechopen.com/books/plastics-in-the-environment/biological-degradation-of-polymers-in-the-environment. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Gomes Da Silva, Francisco José, y Gouveia, Ronny Miguel. 2020. "Cleaner Production Main Concept y History". En: Cleaner Production, 15–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-23165-1_2 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Gómez, Sergio. 2020. Diseño de Una Planta de Producción de Film Multicapa Para El Sector Alimentario. Universitat Jaume I. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Gonsalves, K. E., Chen, X., y Wong, T. K. 1991. "Synthesis, Characterization y Biodegradation Test of Nylon 2/6 y Nylon 2/6/6". En: Journal of Materials Chemistry 1 (4). https://doi.org/10.1039/jm9910100643 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | González, Tania, Yagüe, Susana, Terrón, María, Carbajo, José, Arana, Ainoa, Téllez, Alejyro, y González, Aldo. 2006. "Enzimas Fúngicas: ¿una Alternativa Para La Decoloración de Los Efluentes de Destilería?". ICIDCA 40 (1). | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Gradus, Raymond H.J.M., Nillesen, Paul H.L., Dijkgraaf, Elbert, y van Koppen, Rick J. 2017. "A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Incineration or Recycling of Dutch Household Plastic Waste". En: Ecological Economics 135 (mayo): 22–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.12.021 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Gry View Research. 2021. Nylon Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Product (Nylon 6, Nylon 66), By Application (Automobile, Electrical & Electronics, Engineering Plastics, Textiles), By Region, Y Segment Forecasts, 2021 - 2028. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Grupo Merck. 2024. "Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) Enzymes". 2024. https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/CO/es/technical-documents/technical-article/protein-biology/enzyme-activity-assays/peroxidase-enzymes | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Guieysse, B., Quijano, G., y Muñoz, R. 2011. "Airlift Bioreactors". En: Comprehensive Biotechnology, 199–212. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780080885049000957 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hamzah, Ainon, Manikan, Vidyah, y Abd, Nur. 2017. "Biodegradation of Tapis Crude Oil Using Consortium of Bacteria y Fungi: Optimization of Crude Oil Concentration y Duration of Incubation by Response Surface Methodology". En: Sains Malaysiana 46 (1): 43–50. https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4601-06 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hari, Pramod Kumar. 2020. "Types y Properties of Fibres y Yarns Used in Weaving". En: Woven Textiles, 3–34. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780081024973000015 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hernández, Alicia. 2003. Microbiología Industrial. San José, Costa Rica: Universidad Estatal a Distancia. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hille, A., Neu, T.R., Hempel, D.C., y Horn, H. 2009. "Effective Diffusivities y Mass Fluxes in Fungal Biopellets". En: Biotechnology y Bioengineering 103 (6): 1202–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.22351 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Ho, Ba Thanh, Roberts, Timothy K., y Lucas, Steven. 2018. "An Overview on Biodegradation of Polystyrene y Modified Polystyrene: The Microbial Approach". En: Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 38 (2): 308–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/07388551.2017.1355293 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hoque, Enamul, y Fritscher, Johannes. 2017. "Ecology, Adaptation, y Function of Methane‐sulfidic Spring Water Biofilm Microorganisms, Including a Strain of Anaerobic Fungus Mucor Hiemalis". En: MicrobiologyOpen 6 (4). https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.483 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Huamán, David, y León, Emil. 2019. Diseño y Construcción de Un Biorreactor ‘Airlift’ y Determinación de Parámetros de Operación Óptimos Para Su Aplicación En Procesos Fermentativos. Lima, Perú. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Hussain, Chaudhery Mustansar, y Keçili, Rüstem. 2020. "Environmental Pollution y Environmental Analysis". En: Modern Environmental Analysis Techniques for Pollutants, 1–36. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128169346000011 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Huynh, Kim-Hung, Pham, Xuan-Hung, Kim, Jaehi, Lee, Sang Hun, Chang, Hyejin, Rho, Won-Yeop, y Jun, Bong-Hyun. 2020. "Synthesis, Properties, y Biological Applications of Metallic Alloy Nanoparticles". En: International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21 (14): 5174. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21145174 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | IDEAM. 2014. Valores Medios Multianuales de Temperatura Media En °C - Periodo 1981 - 2010. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Iwamoto, Reikichi, y Murase, Hiroshi. 2003. "Infrared Spectroscopic Study of the Interactions of Nylon‐6 with Water". En: Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 41 (14): 1722–29. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.10526 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Jaiganesh, Venu, Sivaperuman, Manivannan, y Manivannan, Shankar. 2014. Optimization of Process Parameters on Friction Stir Welding of Nylon 6 Polymer Plate. En: Conferencia Internacional Sobre Avances En Diseño y Fabricación. Vol. 2. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Jaiswal, Shweta, Sharma, Babita, y Shukla, Pratyoosh. 2020. "Integrated Approaches in Microbial Degradation of Plastics". En: Environmental Technology & Innovation 17 (febrero): 100567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2019.100567 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Jasso-Gastinel, C.F., Soltero-Martínez, J.F.A., y Mendizábal, E. 2017. "Introduction: Modifiable Characteristics y Applications". En: Modification of Polymer Properties. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-44353-1.00001-4 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kameshwar, Ayyappa Kumar Sista, y Qin, Wensheng. 2017. "Qualitative y Quantitative Methods for Isolation y Characterization of Lignin-Modifying Enzymes Secreted by Microorganisms". En: BioEnergy Research 10 (1): 248–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-016-9784-5 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kapahi, Meena, y Sachdeva, Sarita. 2017. "Mycoremediation Potential of Pleurotus Species for Heavy Metals: A Review". En: Bioresources y Bioprocessing 4 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40643-017-0162-8 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kasalab. 2023. Biorreactores. 2023. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kasonga, Teddy Kabeya, Coetzee, Martie A.A., Kamika, Ilunga, y Momba, Maggy Ndombo Benteke. 2020. "Data on the Degradation of Pharmaceuticals y Their Metabolites by a Fungal Consortium in a Non-Sterile Stirred Fluidized Bioreactor". En: Data in Brief 28 (febrero): 105057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.105057 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kausar, Ayesha. 2017. "Physical Properties of Hybrid Polymer/Clay Composites". En: Hybrid Polymer Composite Materials, 115–32. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780081007877000056 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kaushal, Jyoti, Singh, Gursharan, y Arya, Shailendra Kumar. 2022. "Emerging Trends y Future Prospective in Enzyme Technology". En: Value-Addition in Food Products y Processing Through Enzyme Technology, 491–503. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-89929-1.00036-6 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Khan, Sehroon, Nadir, Sadia, Shah, Zia Ullah, Shah, Aamer Ali, Karunarathna, Samantha C., Xu, Jianchu, Khan, Afsar, Munir, Shahzad, y Hasan, Fariha. 2017. "Biodegradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Aspergillus Tubingensis". En: Environmental Pollution 225 (junio). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.012 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Khatua, Somanjana, Simal-Gyara, Jesus, y Acharya, Krishnendu. 2024. "Myco-Remediation of Plastic Pollution: Current Knowledge y Future Prospects". En: Biodegradation 35 (3): 249–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-023-10053-2 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kim, Young-Mi, y Song, Hong-Gyu. 2009. "Effect of Fungal Pellet Morphology on Enzyme Activities Involved in Phthalate Degradation". En: The Journal of Microbiology 47 (4): 420–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-009-0051-8 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kinoshita, S. 1982. "Microbial Degradation of 6-Aminohexanoic Acid Cyclic Dimer y Its Enzyme". En: Hakko Kogaku Kaishi 60 (5): 363–75. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kinoshita, Shinichi, Kageyama, Sadao, Iba, Kazuhiko, Yamada, Yasuhiro, y Okada, Hirosuke. 1975. "Utilization of a Cyclic Dimer y Linear Oligomers of .EPSILON.-Aminocaproic Acid by Achromobacter Guttatus KI72". En: Agricultural y Biological Chemistry 39 (6): 1219–23. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.39.1219 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Klun, Urša, Friedrich, Jožica, y Kržan, Yrej. 2003. "Polyamide-6 Fibre Degradation by a Lignolytic Fungus". En: Polymer Degradation y Stability 79 (1). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(02)00260-4 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kosa, Gergely, Vuoristo, Kiira S., Horn, Svein Jarle, Zimmermann, Boris, Afseth, Nils Kristian, Kohler, Achim, y Shapaval, Volha. 2018. "Assessment of the Scalability of a Microtiter Plate System for Screening of Oleaginous Microorganisms". En: Applied Microbiology y Biotechnology 102 (11): 4915–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-8920-x | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kumar, Ranvijay, Kumar, Vinay, Singh, Mohit, y Kumar, Pawan. 2020. "On Twin Screw Extrusion of Mn Doped ZnO Nanoparticles-Nylon 6 Thermoplastic Composites for Fused Filament Fabrication". En: Reference Module in Materials Science y Materials Engineering. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820352-1.00048-1 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kumar, Ravi Shankar, Singh, Deeksha, Bose, Subir Kumar, y Trivedi, Prabodh Kumar. 2020. "Biodegradation of Environmental Pollutant through Pathways Engineering y Genetically Modified Organisms Approaches". En: Microorganisms for Sustainable Environment y Health, 137–65. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128190012000073 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kumari, Alka, Chaudhary, Doongar R., y Jha, Bhavanath. 2019. "Destabilization of Polyethylene y Polyvinylchloride Structure by Marine Bacterial Strain". En: Environmental Science y Pollution Research 26 (2): 1507–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3465-1 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Kyulavska, Mariya, Toncheva-Moncheva, Natalia, y Rydz, Joanna. 2019. "Biobased Polyamide Ecomaterials y Their Susceptibility to Biodegradation". En: Hybook of Ecomaterials, editado por Leticia Myriam Torres Martínez, Oxana Vasilievna Kharissova, y Boris Ildusovich Kharisov, 2901–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-68255-6_126 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Lyrigan, Philip J., Fuller, Richard, Fisher, Samantha, Suk, William A., Sly, Peter, Chiles, Thomas C., y Bose-O’Reilly, Stephan. 2019. "Pollution y Children’s Health". En: Science of The Total Environment 650 (febrero). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.375 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Law, Kara Lavender, Starr, Natalie, Siegler, Theodore R., Jambeck, Jenna R., Mallos, Nicholas J., y Leonard, George H. 2020. "The United States’ Contribution of Plastic Waste to Ly y Ocean". En: Science Advances 6 (44). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd0288 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Lebreton, Annie, Meslet-Cladière, Laurence, Morin-Sardin, Stéphanie, Coton, Emmanuel, Jany, Jean-Luc, Barbier, Georges, y Corre, Erwan. 2019. "Comparative Analysis of Five Mucor Species Transcriptomes". En: Genomics 111 (6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.09.003 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Lehninger, A, Nelson, David, y Cox, Michael. 2006. Principios de Bioquímica. 4ta ed. Barcelona: Omega. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Lemaire, M. 1995. "Manganese Peroxidase of Phanerochaete Chrysosporium: A Powerful Enzyme in Lignin Degradation". En: Journal of Biotechnology 39 (3): 241–48. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Li, Rongfu, y Hu, Xingzhou. 1998. "Study on Discoloration Mechanism of Polyamide 6 during Thermo-Oxidative Degradation". En: Polymer Degradation y Stability 62 (3): 523–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(98)00037-8 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Li, Yuanning, Steenwyk, Jacob L., Chang, Ying, Wang, Yan, James, Timothy Y., Stajich, Jason E., Spatafora, Joseph W., et al. 2021. "A Genome-Scale Phylogeny of the Kingdom Fungi". En: Current Biology 31 (8). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.074 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Lim, Jolyn Jia Jia, Koh, Jace, Moo, Jia Rong, Villanueva, Erielle Marie Fajardo, Putri, Dhira Anindya, Lim, Yuen Shan, Seetoh, Wei Song, et al. 2020. "Fungi.Guru: Comparative Genomic y Transcriptomic Resource for the Fungi Kingdom". En: Computational y Structural Biotechnology Journal 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2020.11.019 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Liu, Yan, Liao, Wei, y Chen, Shulin. 2008. "Study of Pellet Formation of Filamentous Fungi Rhizopus Oryzae Using a Multiple Logistic Regression Model". En: Biotechnology y Bioengineering 99 (1): 117–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.21531 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Lonardo, D. P. Di, van der Wal, A., Harkes, P., y de Boer, W. 2020. "Effect of Nitrogen on Fungal Growth Efficiency". En: Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with All Aspects of Plant Biology 154 (4): 433–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2020.1779849 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | López, Diana, Quintero, Clarena, y Ocampo, María. 2018. "Hongos Macromicetos de Pudrición Café y Su Importancia Biotecnológica". En: Revista de Investigaciones Carmenta. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | López, Sergio. 2015. *Análisis Genómico-Funcional de La Regulación de La Expresión Génica Por La Luz En El Hongo Mucor Circinelloides. Murcia: Universidad de Murcia. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Loroña, Karla. 2021. "Reciclaje Químico de Polímeros Para La Obtención de Materiales Carbonáceos y Su En Celdas de Combustible Microbiano". Ecuador. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Mahdi, Mayaada, Ameen, Rasha, y Ibrahim, Hiba. 2016. "Study on Degradation of Nylon 6 by Thermophilic Bacteria Anoxybacillus Rupiensis Ir3 (JQ912241)". En: International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences (IJARBS) 3 (9). https://doi.org/10.22192/ijarbs.2016.03.09.027 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Maillo, J., Pages, P., Vallejo, E., Lacorte, T., y Gacén, J. 2005. "FTIR Spectroscopy Study of the Interaction between Fibre of Polyamide 6 y Iodine". En: European Polymer Journal 41 (4): 753–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.11.030 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Manisalidis, Ioannis, Stavropoulou, Elisavet, Stavropoulos, Agathangelos, y Bezirtzoglou, Eugenia. 2020. "Environmental y Health Impacts of Air Pollution: A Review". En: Frontiers in Public Health 8 (February). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00014 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Mantzouridou, Fani Th., y Naziri, Eleni. 2017. "Scale Translation from Shaken to Diffused Bubble Aerated Systems for Lycopene Production by Blakeslea Trispora under Stimulated Conditions". En: Applied Microbiology y Biotechnology 101 (5): 1845–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7943-4. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Marchut-Mikolajczyk, Olga, Kwapisz, Ewa, Wieczorek, Dorota, y Antczak, Tadeusz. 2015. "Biodegradation of Diesel Oil Hydrocarbons Enhanced with Mucor Circinelloides Enzyme Preparation". En: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 104 (October): 142–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.05.008 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Marqués, M. S., Regaño, C., Nyugen, J., Aidanpa, L., y Muñoz-Guerra, S. 2000. "Hydrolytic y Fungal Degradation of Polyamides Derived from Tartaric Acid y Hexamethylenediamine". En: Polymer 41 (8): 2765–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00422-X | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Martínez, Ana. 2014. "Regulación de La Expresión de Genes Endógenos Por La Maquinaria de Silenciamiento Génico Mediado Por RNA en Mucor Circinelloides". | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Mathé, Catherine, Fawal, Nizar, Roux, Christophe, y Duny, Christophe. 2019. "In Silico Definition of New Ligninolytic Peroxidase Sub-Classes in Fungi y Putative Relation to Fungal Life Style". En: Scientific Reports 9 (1): 20373. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56774-4 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Matović-Purić, I., Pecarski, D., Jugović, Z., Jovičić, D., Đorđević, D., y Mašković, P. 2017. "Comparative Study of Some Biochemical Parameters of the Fungi Mucor Plumbeus, Aspergillus Niger, y Trichoderma Harzianum". En: Bulgarian Chemical Communications 49 (2): 390–98. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | McKeen, Laurence W. 2019. "Polyamides (Nylons)". En: The Effect of UV Light y Weather on Plastics y Elastomers, 185–222. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128164570000071 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Mehdipour-Ataei, Shahram, y Tabatabaei-Yazdi, Zahra. 2015. "Heat Resistant Polymers". En: Encyclopedia of Polymer Science y Technology. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471440264.pst636 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Meyabadi, T. Fattahi, Mohaddes Mojtahedi, M. R., y Mousavi Shoushtari, S. A. 2010. "Melt Spinning of Reused Nylon 6: Structure y Physical Properties of as-Spun, Drawn, y Textured Filaments". En: Journal of the Textile Institute 101 (6). https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000802561085 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Mishra, Rajesh, Militký, Jiří, y Křemenáková, Dana. 2017. Novelties in Fibrous Material Science. 1st ed. Vol. 4. Liberec, República Checa: Technická univerzita v Liberci. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Monsalve Camacho, Oscar Iván, Gutiérrez D., Johan Sebastián, y Cardona, William Yrés. 2017. "Factores Que Intervienen En El Proceso de Mineralización de Nitrógeno Cuyo Son Aplicadas Enmiendas Orgánicas al Suelo. Una Revisión". En: Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas 11 (1). https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2017v11i1.5663 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Montoya, Syra, Sánchez, Óscar, y Levin, Laura. 2014. "Evaluación de Actividades Endoglucanasa, Exoglucanasa, Lacasa y Lignina Peroxidasa En Diez Hongos de Pudrición Blanca". En: Biotecnología En El Sector Agropecuario y Agroindustria 12 (2): 115–24. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Moore, D., Robson, G., y Trinci, A. 2011. Fungal Physiology. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Mor, Suman, y Ravindra, Khaiwal. 2023. "Municipal Solid Waste Landfills in Lower- y Middle-Income Countries: Environmental Impacts, Challenges y Sustainable Management Practices". En: Process Safety y Environmental Protection 174 (June): 510–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2023.04.014 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Moran, Seán. 2018. “An Applied Guide to Water y Effluent Treatment Plant Design”. En: Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/C20160010926 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Morante, J., y Desplan, C. 2011. "Dissection y Staining of Drosophila Optic Lobes at Different Stages of Development". En: Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2011 (6). https://doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot5629 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Morin-Sardin, Stéphanie, Nodet, Patrice, Coton, Emmanuel, y Jany, Jean-Luc. 2017. "Mucor: A Janus-Faced Fungal Genus with Human Health Impact y Industrial Applications". En: Fungal Biology Reviews 31 (1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2016.11.002 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Morin-Sardin, Stéphanie, Rigalma, Karim, Coroller, Louis, Jany, Jean-Luc, y Coton, Emmanuel. 2016. "Effect of Temperature, pH, y Water Activity on Mucor Spp. Growth on Synthetic Medium, Cheese Analog y Cheese". En: Food Microbiology 56 (June). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2015.11.019 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Moturi, B., y Singara Charya, M. A. 2010. "Decolourisation of Crystal Violet y Malachite Green By Fungi". En: Science World Journal 4 (4). https://doi.org/10.4314/swj.v4i4.53585 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Moutafchieva, D., Popova, D., Dimitrova, M., y Tchaoushev, S. 2013. "Experimental Determination of the Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient". En: Journal of Chemical Technology y Metallurgy 48 (4): 351–56. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Muhsen, Nemat A., y Al-Dossary, Mustafa A. 2023. "Diversity y Enzymatic Activity of Some Fungi Isolated from Agricultural Soil". En: Bionatura 8 (4): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21931/RB/2023.08.04.31 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Muñoz, María. 2020. "Análisis Del Proceso de Digestión Anaeróbica Para El Tratamiento de Residuos Sólidos Urbanos de Manta, Ecuador". En: Revista Científica SAPIENTIAE 3. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Nadia, N., Nehad, Z. A., Elsayed, A. E., Essam, M. A., y Hanan, M. A. 2010. "Optimization of Lipase Synthesis by Mucor Racemosus - Production in a Triple Impeller Bioreactor". En: Malaysian Journal of Microbiology, June. https://doi.org/10.21161/mjm.17509 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Nair, Ramkumar B., Lennartsson, Patrik R., y Taherzadeh, Mohammad J. 2016. "Mycelial Pellet Formation by Edible Ascomycete Filamentous Fungi, Neurospora Intermedia". En: AMB Express 6 (1): 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-016-0203-2 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Nair, Ramkumar B., Osadolor, Osagie A., Ravula, Vamsi K., Lennartsson, Patrik R., y Taherzadeh, Mohammad J. 2018. "Lignocellulose Integration to 1G-Ethanol Process Using Filamentous Fungi: Fermentation Prospects of Edible Strain of Neurospora Intermedia". En: BMC Biotechnology 18 (1): 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-018-0444-z | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Nanou, Konstantina, Roukas, Triantafyllos, Papadakis, Emmanuel, y Kotzekidou, Parthena. 2017. "Carotene Production from Waste Cooking Oil by Blakeslea Trispora in a Bubble Column Reactor: The Role of Oxidative Stress". En: Engineering in Life Sciences 17 (7): 775–80. https://doi.org/10.1002/elsc.201600228 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Naranjo-Ortiz, Miguel A., y Gabaldón, Toni. 2019. "Fungal Evolution: Diversity, Taxonomy y Phylogeny of the Fungi". En: Biological Reviews 94 (6). https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12550 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Negoro, S. 2000. "Biodegradation of Nylon Oligomers". En: Applied Microbiology y Biotechnology 54 (4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s002530000434 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Negoro, Seiji, Kato, Ko, Fujiyama, Kazuhito, y Okada, Hirosuke. 1994. "The Nylon Oligomer Biodegradation System Of Flavobacterium y Pseudomonas". En: Biodegradation 5 (3–4): 185–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00696459 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Nelson, D., y Cox, M. 2017. Principles of Biochemistry. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Nomura, Nobuhiko, Deguchi, Tetsuya, Shigeno-Akutsu, Yukie, Nakajima-Kambe, Toshiaki, y Nakahara, Tadaatsu. 2001. "Gene Structures y Catalytic Mechanisms of Microbial Enzymes Able to Biodegrade the Synthetic Solid Polymers Nylon y Polyester Polyurethane". En: Biotechnology y Genetic Engineering Reviews 18 (1). https://doi.org/10.1080/02648725.2001.10648011 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | OECD. 2022. "Global Plastics Outlook Economic Drivers, Environmental Impacts y Policy Options". https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/view/?ref=1128_1128022-j5crhacc6w&title=Global-plastics-outlook-highlights | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Ogundero, Vincent W. 1981. "Nutritional Physiology of Pathogenic Species of Thermophilic Mucor". En: Medical Mycology 19 (3): 179–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/00362178185380291 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | ONU. 2022. "Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible". https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/es/objetivos-de-desarrollo-sostenible | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Padmavathi, Tallapragada. 2012. "Optimization of the Medium for the Production of Cellulases by Aspergillus Terreus y Mucor Plumbeus". En: European Journal of Experimental Biology, 1161–70. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Pyey, Sharad Prakash, Shukla, Tripti, Dhote, Vinod Kumar, Mishra, Dinesh K., Maheshwari, Rahul, y Tekade, Rakesh K. 2019. "Use of Polymers in Controlled Release of Active Agents". En: Basic Fundamentals of Drug Delivery, 113–72. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128179093000042 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Pyey, Vimal Chyra, y Singh, Vijai. 2019. "Exploring the Potential y Opportunities of Current Tools for Removal of Hazardous Materials From Environments". En: Phytomanagement of Polluted Sites, 501–16. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B978012813912700020X | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Parker, Laura. 2017. "El 91 Por Ciento Del Plástico Que Se Fabrica No Se Recicla". National Geographic Society. https://www.nationalgeographic.es/medio-ambiente/2017/07/el-91-por-ciento-del-plastico-que-fabricamos-no-se-recicla | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Passalacqua, Nancy, y Cabrera, Josefina. 2014. "Análisis Microbiológico de Los Alimentos". | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Pérez-Arques, Carlos, Navarro-Mendoza, María Isabel, Murcia, Laura, Lax, Carlos, Martínez-García, Pablo, Heitman, Joseph, Nicolás, Francisco E., y Garre, Victoriano. 2019. "Mucor Circinelloides Thrives inside the Phagosome through an Atf-Mediated Germination Pathway". En: MBio 10 (1). https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02765-18 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Pitt, John I., y Hocking, Ailsa D. 2009. Fungi y Food Spoilage. Boston, MA. En: Springer US. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-0-387-92207-2 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Pointing, Stephen. 1999. "Qualitative Methods for the Determination of Lignocellulolytic Enzyme Production by Tropical Fungi". En: Fungal Diversity. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Polona, Žnidaršic y Pavko, Aleksyer. 2001. "The Morphology of Filamentous Fungi in Submerged Cultivations as a Bioprocess Parameter". En: Food Technology y Biotechnology 39 (3): 237–52. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Price Water House Cooper Colombia. 2020. "Informe de Resultados de La Evaluación de Desempeño y Capacidades de Los Sectores de La Propuesta Para El Periodo 2000-2017". https://www.colombiaproductiva.com/ptp-capacita/publicaciones/sectoriales/publicaciones-plasticos-y-pinturas/plan-de-negocio-industria-de-plasticos-2019-2032/evaluacion-de-desempeno-y-capacidades-del-sector-p | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Prijambada, I D., Negoro, S., Yomo, T., y Urabe, I. 1995. "Emergence of Nylon Oligomer Degradation Enzymes in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa PAO through Experimental Evolution". En: Applied y Environmental Microbiology 61 (5): 2020–22. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.61.5.2020-2022.1995 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Proain. 2023. "Biorreactor Airlift". 2023. https://proain.com/products/biorreactor-airlift-tec-bio-p-3-air-lift | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Purohit, Jyotika, Chattopadhyay, Anirudha, y Teli, Basavaraj. 2020. "Metagenomic Exploration of Plastic Degrading Microbes for Biotechnological Application". En: Current Genomics 21 (4). https://doi.org/10.2174/1389202921999200525155711 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Pushpanathan, Muthuirulan, Jayashree, Sathyanarayanan, Gunasekaran, Paramasamy, y Rajendhran, Jeyaprakash. 2014. "Microbial Bioremediation". En: Microbial Biodegradation y Bioremediation, 407–19. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128000212000170 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Raymond, R., Jamison, V., y Hudson, J. 1975. "Final Report on Beneficial Stimulation of Bacterial Activity in Groundwater Containing Petroleum Products". Washington DC. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Reglero, José A., Ruiz Id, Miriam, Trigo-López, Félix C., García, y García, José M. 2017. "Polymers Functional Aromatic Polyamides". https://doi.org/10.3390/polym9090414 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Rotter, G., y Ishida, H. 1992. "FTIR Separation of Nylon‐6 Chain Conformations: Clarification of the Mesomorphous y Γ‐crystalline Phases". En: Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 30 (5): 489–95. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.1992.090300508 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Rubilar, O., Elgueta, S., Tortella, G., Gianfreda, L., y Diez, M. C. 2009. "Pelletization of Anthracophyllum Discolor for Water y Soil Treatment Contaminated with Organic Pollutants". En: Revista de La Ciencia Del Suelo y Nutrición Vegetal 9 (3). https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27912009000300001 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Rubio Fernández, Diego, Sierra Herrera, Jennifer Alexyra, Ruiz Fonseca, Steven, y Syoval Herrera, Juan Yrés. 2014. "Diseño de Un Fotobiorreactor Airlift a Escala Banco". En: ELEMENTOS 4 (4). https://doi.org/10.15765/e.v4i4.520 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Rulkens, R., y Koning, C. 2012. "Chemistry y Technology of Polyamides". En: Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference, 431–67. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780444533494001473 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Sabarish, Radoor, Krishnasamy, Senthilkumar, Siengchin, Suchart, Jasila, Karayil, Vintu, Malayil, Shivanna Jyothi, Mannekote, Muthukumar, Chyrasekar, Thiagamani, Senthil Muthu Kumar, y Nagarajan, Rajini. 2022. "Plastics in Fabric, Textile y Clothing". En: Encyclopedia of Materials: Plastics y Polymers, 162–77. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128203521000560 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Saira, Abdullah, Maroof, Lalina, Iqbal, Madiha, Farman, Saira, Lubna, y Faisal, Shah. 2022. "Biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Bags by Fungi Isolated from Waste Disposal Soil". En: Applied y Environmental Soil Science 2022 (May): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8286344 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Sameshima-Yamashita, Yuka, Koitabashi, Motoo, Tsuchiya, Wataru, Suzuki, Ken, Watanabe, Takashi, Shinozaki, Yukiko, Yamamoto-Tamura, Kimiko, Yamazaki, Toshimasa, y Kitamoto, Hiroko. 2016. En: "Enhancement of Biodegradable Plastic-Degrading Enzyme Production from Paraphoma-like Fungus, Strain B47-9". Journal of Oleo Science 65 (3): 257–62. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess15207 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Sánchez, Carmen. 2020. "Fungal Potential for the Degradation of Petroleum-Based Polymers: An Overview of Macro- y Microplastics Biodegradation". En: Biotechnology Advances 40 (May): 107501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107501 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Sanuth, Hassan, y Fagade, Obasola. 2013. "Bio-Oxidation of Nylon-6 by Aspergillus Niger Isolated from Solid Waste Dumpsites". En: AU Journal of Technology 16 (3). | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Satari, Behzad, Karimi, Keikhosro, Taherzadeh, Mohammad, y Zamani, Akram. 2016. "Co-Production of Fungal Biomass Derived Constituents y Ethanol from Citrus Wastes Free Sugars without Auxiliary Nutrients in Airlift Bioreactor". En: International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17 (3): 302. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17030302 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Serna-Jime, J.A., Quintanill, M.X., Rodríguez, J.M., Uribe, M.A., y Klotz, B. 2015. "Development of a Combined Temperature y PH Model y the Use of Bioprotectants to Control of Mucor Circinelloides". En: American Journal of Food Technology 11 (1–2). https://doi.org/10.3923/ajft.2016.21.28 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Sharma, Indu. 2021. "Bioremediation Techniques for Polluted Environment: Concept, Advantages, Limitations, y Prospects". En: Trace Metals in the Environment - New Approaches y Recent Advances, editado por Mario Alfonso Murillo-Tovar, Hugo Saldarriaga-Noreña, y Agnieszka Saeid. IntechOpen. https://www.intechopen.com/books/trace-metals-in-the-environment-new-approaches-y-recent-advances/bioremediation-techniques-for-polluted-environment-concept-advantages-limitations-y-prospects | spa |
| dc.relation.references | SiB Colombia. 2023. Mucor. Catálogo de La Diversidad. https://catalogo.biodiversidad.co/file/5defaba27312d26d51de1f1b/summary | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Silva, Márcia da. 1997. Desenvolvimento e Aplicações de Um Biorreator Airlift Com Circulação Externa. Santa Catarina: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Singh, Anil Kumar, Bilal, Muhammad, Iqbal, Hafiz M.N., y Raj, Abhay. 2021. "Lignin Peroxidase in Focus for Catalytic Elimination of Contaminants — A Critical Review on Recent Progress y Perspectives". En: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 177 (April): 58–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.032 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Siqueira, J. O. 2004. "Manganese Peroxidase Produced by the White Rot Fungus Bjerkyera Adusta". En: FEMS Microbiology Letters 238 (2): 221–26. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Sivan, Alex. 2011. "New Perspectives in Plastic Biodegradation". En: Current Opinion in Biotechnology 22 (3): 422–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2011.01.013 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Solange, Melissa. 2021. Bacterias Degradadoras de Tintas de Impresión y Celulosa. Chile: Universidad de Concepción. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Sommaggio, Lais Roberta Deroldo, Mazzeo, Dânia Elisa Christofoletti, Sant’ Anna, Débora de Yrade e.Silva, Levy, Carlos Emílio, y Marin-Morales, Maria Aparecida. 2018. "Ecotoxicological y Microbiological Assessment of Sewage Sludge Associated with Sugarcane Bagasse". En: Ecotoxicology y Environmental Safety 147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.09.009 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Speight, James G. 2020. "Monomers, Polymers, y Plastics". En: Hybook of Industrial Hydrocarbon Processes, 597–649. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B978012809923000014X | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Stockmann, Paul N., Van Opdenbosch, Daniel, Poethig, Alexyer, Pastoetter, Dominik L., Hoehenberger, Moritz, Lessig, Sebastian, Raab, Johannes, et al. 2020. "Biobased Chiral Semi-Crystalline or Amorphous High-Performance Polyamides y Their Scalable Stereoselective Synthesis". En: Nature Communications 11 (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/S41467-020-14361-6 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Sudhakar, M., Priyadarshini, C., Doble, Mukesh, Murthy, P. Sriyutha, y Venkatesan, R. 2007. "Marine Bacteria Mediated Degradation of Nylon 66 y 6". En: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 60 (3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2007.02.002 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Tanzi, Maria, Farè, Silvia, y Cyiani, Gabriele. 2019. Foundations of Biomaterials Engineering. En: Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/C20150059676 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Tecnal. 2023. Biorreactor Airlift. https://tecnal.com.br/es/produtos/detalhes/5941_biorreactor_airlift | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Tedersoo, Leho, Sánchez-Ramírez, Santiago, Kõljalg, Urmas, Bahram, Mohammad, Döring, Markus, Schigel, Dmitry, May, Tom, Ryberg, Martin, y Abarenkov, Kessy. 2018. "High-Level Classification of the Fungi y a Tool for Evolutionary Ecological Analyses". En: Fungal Diversity 90 (1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-018-0401-0 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Thaore, Vaishali, Chadwick, David, y Shah, Nilay. 2018. "Sustainable Production of Chemical Intermediates for Nylon Manufacture: A Techno-Economic Analysis for Renewable Production of Caprolactone". En: Chemical Engineering Research y Design 135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2018.05.026 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Torres, Ana, Quintero, Juan, y Atehortua, Lucía. 2011. "Efecto de Nutrientes Sobre La Producción de Biomasa Del Hongo Medicinal Ganoderma Lucidum". En: Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología 13 (1): 103–9. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | UAESP. 2020. Documento Técnico Soporte Del Plan Integral de Residuos Sólidos. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Ukaogo, Prince O., Ewuzie, Ugochukwu, y Onwuka, Chibuzo V. 2020. "Environmental Pollution: Causes, Effects, y the Remedies". En: Microorganisms for Sustainable Environment y Health, 419–29. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128190012000218 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Universidad de Granada. 2010. Propiedades Del Agua En Función de La Temperatura. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Vasanthan, N. 2009. "Polyamide Fiber Formation: Structure, Properties y Characterization". En: Hybook of Textile Fibre Structure, 232–56. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9781845693800500072. | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Verma, Rinku, Vinoda, K.S., Papireddy, M., y Gowda, A.N.S. 2016. "Toxic Pollutants from Plastic Waste- A Review". En: Procedia Environmental Sciences 35: 701–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2016.07.069 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Vongsangnak, Wanwipa, Klanchui, Amornpan, Tawornsamretkit, Iyarest, Tatiyaborwornchai, Witthawin, Laoteng, Kobkul, y Meechai, Asawin. 2016. "Genome-Scale Metabolic Modeling of Mucor Circinelloides y Comparative Analysis with Other Oleaginous Species". En: Gene 583 (2): 121–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2016.02.028 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Williams, Allan T., y Rangel-Buitrago, Nelson. 2022. "The Past, Present, y Future of Plastic Pollution". En: Marine Pollution Bulletin 176 (March): 113429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113429 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Xia, Chunjie, Zhang, Jianguo, Zhang, Weidong, y Hu, Bo. 2011. "A New Cultivation Method for Microbial Oil Production: Cell Pelletization y Lipid Accumulation by Mucor Circinelloides". En: Biotechnology for Biofuels 4 (1): 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1754-6834-4-15 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Xu, Chunyan, Singh, Deepak, Dorgan, Kathleen M., Zhang, Xiaoyu, y Chen, Shulin. 2015. "Screening of Ligninolytic Fungi for Biological Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass". En: Canadian Journal of Microbiology 61 (10): 745–52. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2015-0156 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Yamano, Naoko, Kawasaki, Norioki, Ida, Sayuri, y Nakayama, Atsuyoshi. 2019. "Biodegradation of Polyamide 4 in Seawater". En: Polymer Degradation y Stability 166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.05.032 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Yuan, Jianhua, Ma, Jie, Sun, Yiran, Zhou, Tao, Zhao, Youcai, y Yu, Fei. 2020. "Microbial Degradation y Other Environmental Aspects of Microplastics/Plastics". En: Science of The Total Environment 715 (May): 136968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136968 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Zabel, Robert A, y Morrell, Jeffrey J. 2020. "The Characteristics y Classification of Fungi y Bacteria". En: Wood Microbiology, 55–98. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128194652000036 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Zhang, Tao, We, Chaohai, Ren, Yuan, Feng, Chunhua, y Wu, Haizhen. 2017. "Advances in Airlift Reactors: Modified Design y Optimization of Operation Conditions". En: Reviews in Chemical Engineering 33 (2): 163–82. https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2016-0005 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Zhang, Yao, Liu, Qing, Li, Pengcheng, Wang, Yanxia, Li, Shaoqi, Gao, Meng, y Song, Yuya. 2021. "Enhanced Lipid Production by Addition of Malic Acid in Fermentation of Recombinant Mucor Circinelloides Mc-MT-2". En: Scientific Reports 11 (1): 12674. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92324-7 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Zhang, Yao, Yang, Yueping, Zhang, Silu, Liu, Qing, Dang, Wenrui, y Song, Yuya. 2023. "Lipid Accumulation y SNF1 Transcriptional Analysis of Mucor Circinelloides on Xylose under Nitrogen Limitation". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 116 (4): 383–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-023-01810-7 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Zhong, J.-J. 2011. "Bioreactor Engineering". En: Comprehensive Biotechnology, 165–77. Elsevier. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780080885049000970 | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Zhou, Jiangang, Chen, Yihui, Zhang, Yanbo, Sun, Su, Ullah, Muhammad Wajid, y Xu, Weilin. 2021. "Biotransformation of Nylon-6,6 Hydrolysate to Bacterial Cellulose". En: Green Chemistry 23 (19): 7805–15. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1GC02129J | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Colombiaplast. 2021. "La Industria del Plástico Creció 22,2 %". | spa |
| dc.relation.references | Doran, Pauline M. 2013. Bioprocess Engineering Principles. 2ª ed. Waltham, MA: Academic Press. | spa |
| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
| dc.rights.coar | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | spa |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia | spa |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/ | spa |
| dc.subject | Biodegradación | spa |
| dc.subject | Poliamida 6 | spa |
| dc.subject | Podredumbre marrón | spa |
| dc.subject | Manganeso peroxidasa | spa |
| dc.subject | Reactor aeróbico | spa |
| dc.subject | Hongos | spa |
| dc.subject | Medio mínimo de sales | spa |
| dc.subject | Medio glucosa mineral | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Biodegradación | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Nailon | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Residuos sólidos | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Hongos | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Biodegradation | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Polyamide 6 | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Brown rot | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Manganese peroxidase | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Aerobic reactor | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Fungi | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Minimal salt medium | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Mineral glucose medium | spa |
| dc.title | Evaluación de la capacidad de degradación de nailon 6 por Mucor sp., con miras a una propuesta de un biorreactor para la implementación de la biodegradación a escala laboratorio | spa |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | spa |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | spa |
| dc.type.hasversion | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | spa |
| dc.type.local | Tesis de Maestría | spa |
Archivos
Bloque original
1 - 2 de 2
Cargando...
- Nombre:
- Chaparro.pdf
- Tamaño:
- 2.1 MB
- Formato:
- Adobe Portable Document Format
- Descripción:
- Archivo del trabajo de grado
Cargando...
- Nombre:
- Autorizacion Chaparro.pdf
- Tamaño:
- 5.53 MB
- Formato:
- Adobe Portable Document Format
- Descripción:
- Autorización para la publicación
Bloque de licencias
1 - 1 de 1
Cargando...
- Nombre:
- license.txt
- Tamaño:
- 1.71 KB
- Formato:
- Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
- Descripción: