Ineficacia e ilegitimidad de las sanciones administrativas disciplinarias para la restricción de los derechos políticos: un estudio del caso de Petro en el sidh

Abstract

El propósito de este paper constituye una problemática jurídico que ha sido desencadenada por la destitución del ex Alcalde de Bogotá Gustavo Petro, en especial porque parece subordinar las disposiciones constitucionales a los mandatos internacionales, desechando aquella tesis nacional de que los tratados y convenios internacionales ratificados por Colombia, hacen parte del Bloque de Constitucionalidad, es decir, mantiene el mismo rango jerárquico que las disposiciones constitucionales. Igualmente, es trascendental porque replante el sistema disciplinario actual del país, en vista a que gran parte de dichas sanciones no cumple los elementos constituidos en la convención, a saber: condena, juez y proceso penal

Lately in Colombia, the discussion about the legitimacy of administrative disciplinary sanctions has been raised as a legal mechanism to disqualify citizens who have been sanctioned through an administrative act from the political exercise. The controversy originates in view of the fact that the American Convention on Human Rights established in its normative provisions, specifically, as regards political rights, the indispensability of a judicial decision in order to limit or restrict the fundamental right in question. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to review the concordance of the Colombian norms that allow the disciplinary sanction of the dismissal of popularly elected officials, by the authorities other than the judicial ones, in contradiction to the provisions of the American Convention of Human Rights. For the foregoing, the provisions of the Internal Juridical System regarding the untying and restriction of political rights through an administrative act are initially examined. Then, it identifies the way in which political rights have been provided in the Inter-American Human Rights System in the face of administrative acts that sanction political exercise. Finally, a study is made according to the Petro case, of the prerogatives in favor of politicians regarding the disciplinary sanctions issued by administrative authority