El aumento punitivo de los tipos penales como política criminal frente a la finalidad preventiva de la pena.

Abstract

En Colombia el significado de la pena ha sido siempre el de la represión por parte del Estado hacia un individuo que ha cometido una conducta típica antijurídica y culpable, buscando así ejercer el poder punitivo sobre este último para ejemplificar un castigo en términos de prevención. Basando sus cimientos en teorías relativas de la prevención tanto general como especial, el Estado ha aplicado de una manera errónea el fin preventivo de la pena en Colombia, pudiéndose hacer evidente esta afirmación observando las problemáticas actuales que padece el sistema carcelario. En este sentido es viable afirmar que la política criminal basada en aumentar penas y ejemplificar castigos en la actualidad es totalmente obsoleta dado a que no cumple el fin preventivo de la pena ni permite el desarrollo de los otros fines consagrados en el artículo 4 del código penal colombiano. En la actualidad solo en norte de Santander se ha logrado verificar que ha existido un aumento de diferentes conductas punibles en los últimos años generando así múltiples inquietudes e interrogantes en la sociedad direccionadas a objetar el modo en que el sistema aplica sanciones más severas y al mismo tiempo ineficientes. In Colombia, the meaning of punishment has always been that of repression by the state towards an individual who has committed a typical unlawful and culpable behavior, thus seeking to exert punitive power over the latter to exemplify a punishment in terms of prevention. Basing its foundations on relative theories of both general and special prevention, the State has erroneously applied the preventive purpose of punishment in Colombia, and this statement can be made evident by observing the current problems that the prison system suffers. In this sense it is feasible to affirm that the criminal policy based on increasing penalties and exemplifying punishments at the present time is totally obsolete given that it does not fulfill the preventive purpose of the penalty nor allows the development of the other purposes enshrined in article 4 of the penal code Colombian. Currently only in northern Santander has been verified that there has been an increase in different punishable behavior in recent years generating multiple concerns and questions in society aimed at objecting to the way in which the system applies more severe penalties and at the same time inefficient time. Likewise, the punitive increase has been criticized taking into account that for prevention purposes there are other much more efficient methods that have been the subject of studies and it has been demonstrated its effectiveness at the moment of applying them, evidencing the obsolete repressive and useless system of which we are part of.