Factores de riesgo y desempeño diagnóstico de modelos predictivos para enfermedad renal diabética en diabetes mellitus tipo 2: Revisión Sistemática y Meta-análisis
| dc.contributor.advisor | Mendoza Torres, Evelin | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Cano Peñaloza, Raquel Amira | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Viñas, Alvaro | |
| dc.contributor.author | Rodríguez Camargo, Ricardo David | |
| dc.contributor.author | Rodríguez Carrascal, Fabio David | |
| dc.coverage.spatial | Barranquilla | spa |
| dc.creator.email | ricardod-rodriguezz@unilibre.edu.co | spa |
| dc.creator.email | fabiod-rodriguez@unilibre.edu.co | spa |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-07-17T19:55:57Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-07-17T19:55:57Z | |
| dc.date.created | 2025-06-28 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Introducción: La enfermedad renal diabética (ERD) representa la principal causa de enfermedad renal crónica en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). La detección temprana basada en factores de riesgo y modelos predictivos clínicamente útiles es esencial para la detección e intervención temprana que modifiquen el curso de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo clínicos y bioquímicos asociados al desarrollo de ERD en DM2 y evaluar el desempeño diagnóstico de modelos predictivos mediante revisión sistemática y metaanálisis. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science y Cochrane Library. Se incluyeron estudios observacionales con datos cuantificables, evaluados mediante la escala Newcastle-Ottawa. Se ejecutaron dos metaanálisis independientes utilizando el modelo de efectos aleatorios de DerSimonian y Laird. Se reportaron odds ratios (OR) e intervalos de confianza del 95 %, sensibilidad, especificidad y área bajo la curva (AUC). Resultados: Se incluyeron 8 estudios primarios para factores de riesgo y 6 para modelos predictivos. Los principales factores asociados significativamente a ERD fueron: edad > 60 años (OR 3.00), antecedente familiar de nefropatía (OR 2.80), sexo masculino (OR 2.32), hipertensión arterial, HbA1c ≥ 8%, dislipidemia (OR 1.11), leucocitosis (OR 1.19) y T3 libre baja (OR 0.71). Entre los modelos predictivos, los mejores presentaron AUC entre 0.75 y 0.87. La mayoría no contaba con validación externa. Se propuso una tabla de riesgo clínico ilustrativa para estratificación primaria, con aplicación en escenarios de baja complejidad. Conclusión: La ERD en DM2 está fuertemente asociada con factores modificables y no modificables identificables clínicamente. Los modelos predictivos existentes muestran buen desempeño discriminativo, pero requieren validación externa. Esta revisión ofrece una base importante para el desarrollo futuro de herramientas locales de predicción clínica en poblaciones colombianas y/o latinoamericanas. | spa |
| dc.description.abstractenglish | Introduction: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Early identification based on well-established clinical and biochemical risk factors, along with reliable predictive models, is essential to detect renal involvement in time and initiate interventions that can modify the course of the disease. Objective: To identify the clinical and biochemical risk factors associated with DKD in T2DM and evaluate the diagnostic performance of predictive models through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Observational studies with quantifiable data were included and assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Two independent meta-analyses were performed using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) values were reported. Results: Eight primary studies about risk factors and six about predictive models were included. The most significant risk factors associated with DKD were age >60 years (OR 3.00), family history of nephropathy (OR 2.80), male sex (OR 2.32), hypertension, HbA1c ≥8%, dyslipidemia (OR 1.11), leukocytosis (OR 1.19), and low free T3 levels (OR 0.71). Among predictive models, the best-performing ones showed AUCs between 0.75 and 0.87, although most lacked external validation. Based on these findings, a practical clinical risk table was proposed for use in primary care and low-resource settings. Conclusion: DKD in T2DM is strongly associated with both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors that are clinically accessible. While existing predictive models show good discriminatory performance, external validation remains necessary. The findings of this review support the future development and validation of locally tailored clinical prediction models, with relevance to Colombian and broader Latin American populations. | spa |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Universidad Libre Seccional Barranquilla -- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y Exactas y Naturales -- Especialización en Medicina Interna | spa |
| dc.format | spa | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10901/31524 | |
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| dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | spa |
| dc.rights.coar | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | spa |
| dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia | spa |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/ | spa |
| dc.subject | Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 | spa |
| dc.subject | Enfermedad Renal Diabética | spa |
| dc.subject | Metaanálisis | spa |
| dc.subject | Nefropatia diabetica | spa |
| dc.subject | Factores de Riesgo Diabetes Mellitus | spa |
| dc.subject | Modelos Predictivos Enfermedad renal diabetica | spa |
| dc.subject | Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Diabetes - Diagnóstico | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Diabetes - Complicaciones | spa |
| dc.subject.lemb | Neuropatías diabéticas | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Diabetic Kidney Disease | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Meta-analysis | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Risk Factors | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Predictive Models | spa |
| dc.subject.subjectenglish | Diabetic nephropathy | spa |
| dc.title | Factores de riesgo y desempeño diagnóstico de modelos predictivos para enfermedad renal diabética en diabetes mellitus tipo 2: Revisión Sistemática y Meta-análisis | spa |
| dc.title.alternative | Risk factors and diagnostic performance of predictive models for diabetic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis | spa |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f | spa |
| dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis | spa |
| dc.type.hasversion | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | spa |
| dc.type.local | Tesis de Especialización | spa |
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